Specialty Scaffolds 1926.452

Specific Requirements Plasterers’, Decorators’ and Large-Area Scaffolds

Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with the following as appropriate.

• Pole scaffolds
• Tube and coupler scaffolds
• Fabricated frame scaffolds

Specific Requirements Bricklayers’ Square Scaffolds

Scaffolds made of wood must be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner.

Diagonal braces must:

• Be installed on all sides of each square.
• Be installed between squares on the rear and front sides of the scaffold.
• Extend from the bottom of each square to the top of the next square.

For Scaffolds – the upper tiers must:

• Stand on a continuous row of planks laid across the next lower tier.
• Be nailed down or otherwise secured to prevent displacement.

Specific Requirements Horse Scaffolds

Scaffolds must not be more than 10 feet or two tiers in height, whichever is less. When horses are arranged in tiers: 

• Each horse must be placed directly over the horse in the tier below. 
• The legs of each horse must be nailed down or otherwise secured to prevent displacement. 
• Each tier must be crossbraced. 

Specific Requirements: Form Scaffold and Carpenter Brackets 

Each bracket, except those for wooden bracket-form scaffolds, must be attached to the supporting framework or structure by one or more of the following: 

• Nails 
• A metal stud attachment device 
• Welding 

Hooking over a secured structural supporting member, with the form Wales either: 

• Bolted to the form 
• Or secured by snap ties or tie bolts extending through the form. 
• Securely anchored 
• Or (for carpenters’ bracket scaffolds only) by a bolt extending through to the opposite side of the structure’s wall. 
• Wooden bracket-form scaffolds must be an integral part of the form panel. 
• Folding-type metal brackets, when extended for use, must be either bolted or secured with a locking-type pin  

Non-mandatory Guidelines

Brackets are triangular-shaped frames made either from;

• Wood with a cross-section not less than 2 x 3 inches.
• Or structural angle iron measuring 1¼ inch x 1¼ inch x ⅛ inch.

Bolts used to attach brackets to structures must not be less than ⅝ inch in diameter.

Maximum bracket spacing is 8 feet on centers.

No more than two employees may occupy any given 8 feet of a bracket or form scaffold at any one time.

Tools and materials may not exceed 75 pounds in addition to the employees.

Outrigger bearers shall consist of two pieces of 1 x 6-inch lumber nailed on opposite sides of the vertical support.

Bearers for wooden figure-four scaffolds must;

• Be braced and secured to prevent tipping or turning.
• Not project more than 3 feet 6 inches from the outside of the form support.

The knee or angle brace must;

• Intersect the bearer at least 3 feet from the form.
• Be at approximately a 45° angle.

The lower end of the knee or angle brace must be nailed to a vertical support.

Specific Requirements: Roof Brackets Scaffolds

Scaffold brackets must be constructed to:

• Fit the pitch of the roof.
• Provide a level of support for the platform.

Brackets must be anchored in place by nails unless it is impractical to use nails.

When nails are not used, brackets must be secured with first-grade manila rope of at least ¾-inch diameter, or equivalent.

OutRigger Scaffolds 

Outrigger beams must be;

• Secured in place to prevent movement. 
• Securely braced at the fulcrum point to prevent tipping. 

The inboard end of outrigger beams must be:  

• Not less than 1½ times the length of the outboard end, measured from the fulcrum point to the extreme anchorage point. 
• Securely anchored either by braced struts bearing against sills in contact with the overhead beams or ceiling. or tension members secured to the floor joists underfoot, or both. 

The fulcrum point of outrigger beams must rest on secure bearings at least 6 inches in each horizontal dimension. 

Outrigger beams fabricated in the shape of an I-beam or channel beam must be placed so that the web section is vertical. 

The entire supporting structure must be securely braced to prevent any horizontal movement. To prevent their displacement, platform units must be;   

• Nailed 
• Bolted or 
• Otherwise secured to outriggers 

Scaffolds and scaffold components must be;  

• Designed by a registered professional engineer. 
• Constructed and loaded in accordance with that design. 

Specific Requirements: Window Jack Scaffolds 

• Scaffolds must be securely attached to the window opening. 
• Scaffolds must be used only for working at the window opening through which the jack is placed. 
• Window jacks must not be used to support planks or other elements of scaffolding placed between one window jack and another. 

Non-mandatory Guidelines: 

• Not more than one employee at a time may occupy a window jack scaffold! 

Specific Requirements: Crawling Boards aka Chicken Ladders  

Crawling boards must extend from the roof peak to the eaves when used in roof construction, repair, or maintenance. 

Crawling boards must be secured to the roof by;  

• Ridge hooks 
• Or by means that provide equivalent strength and durability. 

Non-mandatory Requirements 

Crawling boards must be not less than 10 inches wide and 1 inch thick. 

Cleats on crawling boards must; 

• Be equal in length to the width of the board. 
• Be spaced at equal intervals not to exceed 24 inches. 
• Have a minimum cross-sectional area of 1 x 1½ inches. 

Specific Requirements: Step, Platform and Tressel Scaffolds 

Scaffold platforms must be placed no higher than the second-highest rung or step of the ladder supporting the platform. 

All ladders used in step, platform and trestle ladder scaffolds must;  

• Meet the requirements of (Stairways and Ladders), except that job-made ladders are not permitted. 
• Be prevented from slipping by how they are placed, fastened or equipped. 

Scaffolds must not be bridged one to another.